Biography Text Part 2

 

A. Definition of Biography Text

Biography is the story of a person's life that is more complex than just a curriculum vitae and work data. Generally, biographies tell more about the feelings a person faces in dealing with an event or a person's life.

In the biography, it is explained about the life of a character from childhood until he grows up, even until he finally dies. All services, works, and things produced by a character are also clarified. The biographical text itself was composed not by myself. Life history text types include Short life history and Long life history.

B. Characteristics of Biography

• Biography is not written by subject and always written in the third person.
• The biographical text is not made by the person whose life is being told, but is told by someone else in the third person point of view.
• Based on research.
• The text is made based on the facts of a character's life experience containing the story or story of a character in navigating his life, whether it is in the form of advantages, problems or shortcomings written by other people so that they should be exemplary.
• Describes the person's surroundings (where, when and how the person lived).
• Telling in detail about the information about the characters told which include W/H Questions (What, Where, When, Why, How)
• Use vivid language to narrate events.
• The use of language must be clearly applied in a biographical text. In order to avoid errors in the information presented.

 

C. Generic Structure

1. Orientation (Introduction)

It is the opening paragraph, gives the readers the background information of the person. Usually contains narrated biodata such as full name, place and date of birth. Some general information can also be presented in this section as an introduction to the characters.

2. Events

In events, should be in chronological order. This stage is part of the events or events experienced by the character. Contains an explanation of a story in the form of problem solving, career processes, and various events that have been experienced by the character to lead him to a success.

3. Re-Orientation (Closing)

It consists of a conclusion or comment or the writer. Tell about the achievement or the contribution of the person. In closing, this section contains the author's view of the characters being told. This reorientation is optional, which means the author can give his personal view on the character being told or the author does not give his personal view on the character being told, which is not an important matter.

Example :

                                                                    Charles Darwin 

Charles Robert Darwin (12 February 1809 – 19 April 1882) was an English naturalist and geologist,best known for his contributions to the theory of evolution.He suggested that all species descended from a common ancestor and evolved over time. In a joint publication with Alfred Russel Wallace, he introduced the scientific theory that the branching patterns of evolution resulted from a process he called natural selection, in which the struggle for existence had the same effect as the artificial selection involved in artificial selection.

Darwin published a well-founded theory of evolution in his 1859 book On the Origin of Species, overcoming scientific objections to the original concept of species transmutation. In the 1870s, the scientific community and most of the general public accepted evolution as fact. However, many favor opposing explanations and the consensus that natural selection is the basic mechanism of evolution was only reached when the modern evolutionary synthesis emerged from the 1930s to the 1950s. With modifications, Darwin's scientific discoveries are the unifying theory of the life sciences, explaining the diversity of life.

Darwin's early interest in nature led him to abandon his medical education at the University of Edinburgh. Instead, he helps research marine invertebrates. His studies at the University of Cambridge (Christ's College) stimulated his interest in the natural sciences. His five-year voyage on the HMS Beagle established him as a leading geologist whose observations and theories supported Charles Lyell's uniformitarian ideas and the publication of journals about the voyage made him a popular writer.

Darwin began detailed investigations and in 1838 developed his theory of natural selection after being confused by the geographic distribution of wildlife and fossils he had collected on voyages. Although he discussed his ideas with several naturalists, he took time for research and still has geological work. He wrote his theory in 1858 when Alfred Russel Wallace sent him an essay describing the same idea. This prompted the joint publication of their two theories.Darwin's work established descent with evolutionary modification as the dominant scientific explanation of diversification in nature.In 1871 he discussed human evolution and sexual selection in The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex, followed by The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals. His research on plants was published in a series of books. In his last book, he discussed earthworms and their effects on the soil.

Darwin is internationally renowned and has been described as one of the most influential figures in human history.He was honored as a scientist with a funeral at Westminster Abbey.

Write a FAMOUS PERSON BIOGRAPHY, minimal 4 paragraph and attach picture in each paragraph and publish it in your blog

Alessandro Cruto

Alessandro Cruto was an Italian inventor, born in the town of Piossasco, near Turin, who created an early incandescent light bulb.

Son of a construction foreman, he attended the school of architecture at the University of Turin, while also attending Physics and Chemistry lectures with the dream of crystallizing carbon to obtain diamonds.^[1] In 1872 he opened a small workshop in his home village where he conducted tests on the production of pure carbon from ethylene. His efforts were rewarded in 1874 when his experiments succeeded in producing thin sheets of graphite, albeit his initial purpose was that of producing diamonds.

After attending some conferences held by Galileo Ferraris about the contemporary advances in electric technology – whose topics included Thomas Edison's experiments to find a suitable filament for incandescent lights – he discovered that a carbon filament treated with ethylene under high pressure and temperature acquired a positive resistance coefficient (its resistance depends on temperature; when temperature increases, it increases its resistance). Cruto's filament is produced by deposition of graphite on thin platinum filaments in the presence of gaseous hydrocarbons. Sublimating this platinum at high temperatures leaves behind thin filaments of super-pure graphite. He thought that his discovery could be used in incandescent lights instead of carbonized bamboo filament. Helped by Naccari, he experimented with his invention in 1880 in the physics laboratory of the University of Turin.

In 1882, he attended the Electricity Expo at Munich, where he gained fame with his technologically new light globe whose efficiency was better than that of Edison's light bulb, also because it produced a white light instead of the yellowish light of Edison's globe. His success was repeated at the International Turin Expo of 1884 to the extent that he sold his project in France, Switzerland, Cuba and United States.

After these successes and because his manufacturing facilities in Piossasco were inadequate, he decided to move his activities to a more suitable location. Such a location was identified in Alpignano where in 1885-1886 he founded a light globe factory that he managed until 1889 and that eventually grew to a productivity level of 1000 light bulbs a day. Eventually, due to strong disagreements with the factory new management, he resigned in order to pursue his favorite activity as an inventor. His old factory was sold a number of times, went bankrupt and was eventually acquired by Philips in 1927.

Cruto married late in life and spent the rest of his life between his family and his old laboratory. He continued his experiments on the accumulation of atmospheric energy and the invention of a toy called mosca elettrica ("electrical fly"). Cruto died, almost forgotten by all, in 1908.

Video Biography Alessandro Cruto :

Video Material :